PILATES MODALITY AND WELL-BEING: A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND QUALITY OF LIFE INDICATORS IN WOMEN
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Dec 20, 2025
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Tijana Purenović-Ivanović
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3537-3168
Danijela Živković
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8365-0583
Anđela Đošić
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-563X
Milica Filipović
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8839-8110
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3537-3168
Danijela Živković
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8365-0583
Anđela Đošić
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-563X
Milica Filipović
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8839-8110
Abstract
Due to the everyday life stress, many individuals seek to enhance their quality of life (QoL) through physical activities that engage the whole body. Among the increasingly available techniques, the Pilates method stands out as a therapeutic and preventive model with the potential to improve QoL. The aim of this study was to examine and compare socio-demographic characteristics and QoL of women practicing Mat Pilates (MP, n=38) and Reformer Pilates (RP, n=38), aged 21–67. The analyzed baseline characteristics included age, anthropometric indicators (body height, body mass, BMI), age at menarche and menopause, duration of a single training session, and perceived exertion according to Borg’s scale. Additionally, socio-demographic factors (education level, employment, marital and living status, number of children, menstrual status, use of tobacco, alcohol or illicit substances) and Pilates-related variables (training frequency and length of practice) were collected. QoL was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, which evaluates four domains—physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment—as well as overall perception of QoL and general health. The data were analyzed (descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Mann Whitney U test) using SPSS 26.0. The obtained results showed statistically significant between-group differences (p>0.05) only in participants’ age and perceived exertion. Nevertheless, RP participants showed slightly higher QoL scores in the physical health domain (16.48±1.90 vs. 15.93±1.94), environment domain (14.33±2.30 vs. 14.09±1.96), and overall perceptions of QoL and general health (15.42±2.54 vs. 15.05±2.36). MP participants, however, scored marginally higher in psychological health (15.75±1.96 vs. 15.32±2.73) and social relationships (15.33±2.03 vs. 15.19±2.85). Overall, both groups expressed satisfaction with their QoL, with the highest levels noted in the physical health domain and the lowest in the environment domain, which encompasses financial resources, safety, health and social care, home environment, transport, etc. These findings across socio-demographic factors and QoL domains suggest that both forms of Pilates are equally accessible and beneficial forms of mind–body training among adult women.
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Keywords
lifestyle, physical activity, health, adult women
References
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6. Borg, E. (2007). On perceived exertion and its measurement. Doctoral dissertation, Stockholm, SW: Department of Psychology of Stockholm University. https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:197216/FULLTEXT01.pdf
7. Burke, M. A., & Carman, K. G. (2017). You can be too thin (but not too tall): Social desirability bias in self-reports of weight and height. Economics & Human Biology, 27, 198–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2017.06.002
8. Campos de Oliveira, L., Gonçalves de Oliveira, R., & Pires-Oliveira, D. A. D. A. (2015). Effects of Pilates on muscle strength, postural balance and quality of life of older adults: A randomized, controlled, clinical trial. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 27(3), 871–876. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.871
9. Chatzilelecas, E., Filipović, B., & Petrinović, L. (2015). Differences in quality of life according to the level of physical activity between two groups of basketball players in the wheelchairs. SportLogia, 11(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.5550/sgia.151101.en.008Cn
10. Cummins, R. A. (1996). The domains of life satisfaction: An attempt to order chaos. Social Indicators Research, 38, 303–328. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00292050
11. da Silva Marques, C. L., & de Abreu, M. N. (2007). Dimensionando a percepção da qualidade de vida. Alguns caminhos da intervenção pedagógica com idosos praticantes de hidroginástica [Measuring the perception of quality of life. Some approaches to pedagogical intervention with elderly people practicing water aerobics. In Portuguese]. Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes, 11(104), 38. https://efdeportes.com/efd104/intervencao-pedagogica-com-idosos-praticantes-de-hidroginastica.htm
12. Das, T., & Bandyopadhyay, N. (2023). Pilates exercises, types, and its importance: An overview. In R. M. Pai (Ed.), Book of Proceedings of World Congress on Multi Disciplinary Cohesion for Positive Health and Well Being – ISCPESS 2023, (pp. 514–520). December 14–16, 2023, Manipal, India: Manipal Academy of Higher Education.
13. de Jesus, R. Е., Fonseca da Cruz, T. M., Liberali, R., Artaxo Netto, M. I., Brandão Viana, H., & Lopes, C. R. (2013). Perfil de qualidade de vida em praticantes de pilates [Quality of life profile in Pilates practitioners. In Portuguese]. Fisioterapia Brasil, 14(5), 370–375. https://doi.org/10.33233/fb.v14i5.420
14. de Souza, M. V. S., & Vieira, C. B. (2006). Who are the people looking for the Pilates method? Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 10(4), 328–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2005.10.005
15. Dvornyk, V. (2012). Genetics of age at menarche: a systematic review. Human Reproduction Update, 18(2), 198–210. https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmr050
16. Đurašković, R. (2001). Biologija razvoja čoveka sa medicinom sporta – Praktikum. Niš, RS: S.I.I.C.
17. Flemig, K. M., & Herring, M. P. (2018). The effects of Pilates on mental health outcomes: A meta-analysis of controlled trials. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 37, 80–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2018.02.003
18. García-Soidán, J. L., Giraldez, V. A., Zagalaz, J. C., & Lara-Sánchez, A. (2014). Does pilates exercise increase physical activity, quality of life, latency, and sleep quantity in middle-aged people? Perceptual and Motor Skills, 119(3), 838–850. https://doi.org/10.2466/29.25.pms.119c30z9
19. Gold, E. B. (2011). The timing of the age at which natural menopause occurs. Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America, 38(3), 425–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ogc.2011.05.002
20. Gonçalves, P. S., & Lima, P. O. P. (2014). Percepção de saúde e qualidade de vida: um inquérito com Praticantes de Pilates [Perception of health and quality of life: An inquiry with practitioners of Pilates. In Portuguese]. Fisioterapia & Saúde Funcional, 3(1), 11–17. https://repositorio.ufc.br/bitstream/riufc/9808/1/2014_art_poplima.pdf
21. Harper, A., & Power, M. (1998). Development of the World Health Organization WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Assessment. Psychological Medicine, 28, 551–558. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291798006667
22. Hasyim, F. F., Setyowibowo, H., & Purba, F. D. (2024). Factors contributing to quarter life crisis on early adulthood: a systematic literature review. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 17, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S438866
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Purenović-Ivanović, T., Živković, D., Đošić, A., & Filipović, M. (2025). PILATES MODALITY AND WELL-BEING: A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND QUALITY OF LIFE INDICATORS IN WOMEN. Physical Education and Sport Through The Centuries, 13(1), 5–24. Retrieved from https://phedss.fsfv-pr.rs/index.php/phedss/article/view/69
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